Combatting marine and coastal ecosystem degradation and diversifying the livelihoods of communities that are dependent on marine resources can help address forced displacement and migration.

Education can facilitate migrant children’s socio-economic integration and improve their livelihoods as adults.

Migrants help cities to thrive and become more vibrant, successful centres of economy and life.

Deforestation, land degradation, desertification and biodiversity loss can have profound impacts on communities whose livelihoods rely on natural resources and can be drivers of migration.

Water scarcity and related issues may impact on living standards, food availability and health which in turn can be drivers of migration.